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Objective@#To describe the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens at hematology department of Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2015 to provide reference for empirical anti-infection treatment.@*Methods@#Pathogens were from hematology department of 26 tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2015. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out according to a unified protocol using Kirby-Bauer method or agar dilution method. Collection of drug susceptibility results and corresponding patient data were analyzed.@*Results@#The separated pathogens amounted to 4 306. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.26%, while the proportions of gram-positive bacteria and funguses were 26.99% and 8.75% respectively. Common gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli (20.48%) , Klebsiella pneumonia (15.40%) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.50%) , Acinetobacter baumannii (5.04%) and Stenotropho-monas maltophilia (3.41%) respectively. CRE amounted to 123 (6.68%) . Common gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (4.92%) , Staphylococcus hominis (4.88%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.71%) respectively. Candida albicans were the main fungus which accounted for 5.43%. The rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia resistant to carbapenems were 3.5%-6.1% and 5.0%-6.3% respectively. The rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to tobramycin and amikacin were 3.2% and 3.3% respectively. The resistant rates of Acinetobacter baumannii towards tobramycin and cefoperazone/sulbactam were both 19.2%. The rates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia resistant to minocycline and sulfamethoxazole were 3.5% and 9.3% respectively. The rates of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis resistant wards vancomycin were 0, 6.4% and 1.4% respectively; also, the rates of them resistant to linezolid were 1.2%, 0 and 1.6% respectively; in addition, the rates of them resistant to teicoplanin were 2.8%, 14.3% and 8.0% respectively. Furthermore, MRSA accounted for 39.15% (83/212) .@*Conclusions@#Pathogens were mainly gram-negative bacteria. CRE accounted for 6.68%. The rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia resistant to carbapenems were lower compared with other antibacterial agents. The rates of gram-positive bacteria resistant to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin were still low. MRSA accounted for 39.15%.
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Objective To investigate the expression and significance of JWA in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cell specimens were taken from 22 AML patients in newly diagnosis stage and complete remission stage respectively , and the JWA expression were detected at RNA and protein level. Results (1) JWA was expressed in all the samples at RNA and protein level. (2) At protein level, JWA expression was higher in the cells from newly diagnosed AML patients than in those from patients in complete remission stage (P < 0.05). (3)The complete remission rate of patients with higher expression level of JWA (87.5%) was similar to those with lower expression (83.3%). The complete remission rate of patients with higher expression level of JWA after the first course (31.25%) was lower than those with lower expression (66.7%). The early recurrence rate of patients with higher expression level of JWA (42.86%) was higher than those with lower expression (20%). Conclusion JWA may play an important role in the development and progression of AML. Increased expression of JWA may be one of the causes of refractory and relapsed AML.
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Objective To investigate the clinical data and laboratory features of acute megakaryocytic leukemia transformed from idiopathic myelofibrosis after 26 years in one case and the prognostic factors of myelofibrosis.Methods A case of acute megakaryocytic leukemia (M7) transformed from idiopathic myelofibrosis after 26 years was reported,and the clinical data was analyzed.Bone marrow cytology,cytogenetic and mutation detection in JAK2V617F were detected before and after transformation.Standard chemotherapeutic protocols including idarubicin plus cytarabine (IDA),homoharringtonine and cytarabine (HA),mitoxantrone and cytarabine (MA),pirarubicin plus cytarabine (TA) sequential therapies were performed.Results JAK2V617F mutation and normal karyotype were found before and after the transformation.This patient was treated with standard chemotherapeutic protocols of IDA,HA,MA and TA sequential therapies until getting complete remission,and he lived well till now.Conclusions Chromosome karyotype is related to the prognosis of IMF.Acute megakaryocytic leukemia (M7) with the normal karyotype transformed from the IMF can achieve complete remission by rational consecutive chemotherapy.
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Objective To explore the effects of celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) specific inhibitor, on the mRNA expression protein expression and protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity of bcr-abl fusion gene in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) primary cells. Methods The primary cells were incubated with various concentration of celecoxib (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 μmol/L) for 36 hours, then the changes of mRNA expression, p210 expression and PTK activity of bcr-abl fusion gene in each group were examined respectively by real time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RQ-RT-PCR), Western blotting and PTK activity analysis. Results The mRNA expression was downregulated with high concentration of celecoxib (80-160 μmol/L), and p210 expression was decreased gradually after increasing celecoxib. The PTK activity was inhibited in a concentration-independent way, and the statistic difference was observed only above 40μmol/L concentration of celecoxib. Conclusion Celecoxib can downregulate mRNA,and the protein expression of bcr-abl fusion gene; and inhibit the PTK activity by defferent extent.
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Objective To explore the effects of celecoxib combined with arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the mRNA expression,protein expression and protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity of bcr-abl fusion gene and its downstream signal transduction in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) primary cells.Methods The cells were incubated with celecoxib (40 μmol/L) or As2O3 (2 μmol/L) alone and celecoxib (40 μmol/L) combined with As2O3 (2 μmol/L) for 36 hours.The changes of mRNA expression,p210 expression and PTK activity of bcr-abl fusion gene in each group were examined respectively by real time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RQ-RT-PCR),Western blot and PTK activity analysis.The important proteins STAT1,STAT5 and their phosphorylatic proteins p-STAT1 and p-STAT5 and inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1)a common downstream target of oncogenic tyrosine kinase were also analyzed by Western blot.Results The mRNA expressions in control group,celecoxib group,As203 group and celecoxib combined with As2O3 group were (5.97±0.53) ％,(5.74±0.46) ％,(5.94±0.57) ％ and (3.06±0.41) ％ respectively,and the statistical difference was found only between celecoxib combined with As2O3 group and control group (t =28.35,P =0.00).The similar statistic difference was only observed between the two groups from PTK activity tests (t =4.38,P =0.04).Western blot also showed that p210,STAT1,STAT5,p-STAT1,p-STAT5 and ID1 were more extraordinaryly downregulated by celecoxib combined with As2O3 than others treatments.Conclusion Celecoxib combined with As2O3 can downregulate mRNA,p210 expression,PTK activity of bcr-abl fusion gene and inhibit STAT and ID1 signal transduction pathways in a synergistic way.